> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://lmrp.gitbook.io/last-mile-rp/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://lmrp.gitbook.io/last-mile-rp/emergency-services-info/san-andreas-state-laws-and-regulations/case-laws-preambles-and-definitions/acts-and-doctrines/exigent-circumstance-doctrine.md).

# Exigent Circumstance Doctrine

The exigent circumstance doctrine, allows law enforcement officers, federal agents, trained medical practitioners and firefighters, to disregard the 4th amendment, and perform a warrantless breach and search of property, in order to fulfill a duty of care. The exigent circumstance doctrine states;

<mark style="color:yellow;">"Circumstances that would cause a reasonable person to believe that entry (or other relevant prompt action) was necessary to prevent physical harm to the officers/agents/EMT's/Firefighter or other persons, the destruction of relevant evidence, the escape of the suspect, or some other consequence improperly frustrating legitimate law enforcement efforts, medical practitioners or firefighters."</mark>

In order for the Exigent Circumstance Doctrine to be viable for use, the individual must be able to articulate a cause, which indicates an immediate physical threat to the officers/agents/EMT's/Firefighter or other persons, the destruction of relevant evidence, the escape of the suspect, or some other consequence improperly frustrating legitimate law enforcement efforts, medical practitioners or firefighters.

{% hint style="info" %} <mark style="color:purple;">**Examples:**</mark>

* Officer A arrives at a domestic disturbance 911 call at an apartment complex. Upon standing next to the door, inside, the officer can hear disturbed screaming, smashing and shouting. Officer A articulates that he believed a female was being physically harmed, so he deemed it necessary to enter the property, to protect the female. He kicked open the door and saw a male subject beating a female victim. He apprehends and arrests the male subject.
* Officer A arrives at a 911 call stating an infant child has been locked in a home, for numerous hours, in the blazing heat. Upon arriving on scene, he can hear an infant child crying, and clearly audibly sounds distressed. Officer A makes the decision to kick the door down and enter the property, as he believes the infant child's life is in immediate harm and danger. Officer A finds an infant child wrapped in a woolly blanket, locked in a hot bedroom, with no water or ventilation.

{% endhint %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Note:** If the individual is unable to articulate a reason, for why the exigent circumstance doctrine was used **\[they cant state the reason foe violating the 4th amendment]**, then this would be considered as a violation of the 4th amendment. This can lead to any number of outcomes, including all evidence found being inadmissible **\[due to illegal and illegitimate search and seizure]**, prosecutors dropping the charges, lawsuits for the department, or even the Supreme Court Justice ruling it unconstitutional.
{% endhint %}


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